EMOTIONS

The English word 'emotion' is derived from the French word émouvoir. This is based on the Latin emovere, where e-means 'out' and movere means 'move' i.e. emotion means “to move through or out.”

The following are facts an account of emotions' must accommodate.

1. In the paradigm cases; emotions are felt. Furthermore, there is a strong inclination to identify the feeling with the emotion (analogously with: The feeling of a pain is the pain). But unlike pains, emotions are not always felt, being sometimes "subceived" and sometimes wholly beneath consciousness.

2. Emotions are intentional states, and have propositional objects in the sense that what the emotion is about, of, for, at, or to can in principle be specified propositionally.

3. Some emotions have typical physiological concomitants, some of which are to some degree felt; and people are sometimes inclined to identify the feeling of the emotion with the feeling of these changes.

4. Typically an emotion depends on the subject believing some state of affairs to obtain (for example, A would not fear this spider if he didn't believe it likely that the spider is harmful); but this is not always so: Sometimes we experience an emotion despite not believing its propositional con-tent.

5. Some emotions beget dispositions to kinds of actions; so references to such emotions are often a powerful way of explaining actions.

6. Emotions are typically experienced as unified states of mind, rather than as sets of components (for example, a belief + a desire + a physiological perturbation + some behavior).

Or simply, emotion is intense feelings that are directed at someone or something.

Related word with emotions

Feeling: The experiencing of affective and emotional states; "she had a feeling of euphoria"; "he had terrible feelings of guilt"; "I disliked him and the feeling was mutual"

Affect : A broad range of feelings that people experience. "This child impressed me as unusually mature"; "This behavior struck me as odd"

Moods : Are feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions and that lack a contextual stimulus, "he was in a bad humor"

Emotions are different from moods, which are feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions and that lack a contextual stimulus. Emotions are reactions to an object; they are not lasting personality traits. You show your emotions when you are “happy about something, angry at someone, afraid of something.” Moods, on the other hand, are not directed at an object. Emotions can turn into moods when you lose focus on the contextual object.

LIMITATIONS OF BEHAVIOURAL MODICFICATION PROGRAMME

Behaviour modification has been criticized on several grounds, its philosophy, methods and practicality. Because of the strong power of desired consequences, behavior modification may effectively force people to change their behaviour. In this way, it manipulates people and is inconsistent with humanistic assumptions that people want to be autonomous and self actualizing. Some critics do fear that behaviour modification gives too much power to the supervisors/managers and they put the question: who will control the controller?

Likewise, some critics are of the opinion that behaviour modification insults people intelligence. People could be treated like rats in a training box. But infact, people are intelligent, thinking, self-directed and self-controlled individuals who are capable of making their own judgements and choices and motivating themselves. Another limitation is that behavioural modification has limited applicability to complex jobs. For example- it is difficult to identify critical behaviours in the jobs of company lawyer, flight attendants

Behaviour Modification: An Efficacious tool of Shaping… and chief executive officers and reinforce them. This challenge may become more difficult as the economy becomes more and more service based.

Behavioural modification has basically overlooked people’s cognitive (judgment and choice) skills as active participants in the performance process. It has also minimally considered the influence of antecedent’s cues on their behaviour. These limitations have led to the emergence of social learning theory which is a more recent adaption of the behavior modification process.

In spites of the above limitations as indicated by critics, organizations are increasingly applying behavour modification as an efficacious tool of shaping/molding individual behaviour productive and supportive in the attainment of organizational goal.